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BASIC PLUMBING STUDY.
Plumbing has to do with joining of pipes and fittings together with the right tools and materials to get water, liquids or air to a desired point. It requires trained craft man or woman to do this perfectly without leakages and wastages.
To fit into this cash making trade you need a special training both thoritical and practical instructions.
{a) The trainee needs an educational qualification of at least primary six but preferably J.S.S 3 or above
{b) This is required because the would be plumber will be reading and writing so many things. The measurement of pipes must be accurate or else he or she will have wastage of materials and shortage of pipes.
{c) The plumber or would be plumber will face the estimate of plumbing materials, equipment and it prices per item, putting down the lengths of water supply pipes, fittings for each pipe, sizes and types. This as well goes for waste pipes and fittings.
{d) The trainee plumber must learn how to read building plan and interpret it. The ability to make sketch will be and added advantage.
{e) The trainee plumber must learn to read and pin point tape rule in millimeter, centimeter and meter. The knowledge of imperial and metric measurement will be of great help because you may meet and discuss with customers of different degrees and experiences.
{f) The would be plumber must be intelligent and focus and be able to think fast and adapt his knowledge and wisdom in planning out solutions to arrest pressing needs and situations around him. The point here is a way of seeing things differently from the way others will see it or do it.
{g) As modern plumbing now involves conduit plumbing, the plumber or trainee must learn or know how to handle hammer and chisel to be able to make holes for both water supply pipes and lay waste pipe line to the discharge point.
{h) The would be plumber or plumber must know basic brickwork how to use trowel to patch holes made on walls or floors.
{i) Still on Bricklaying knowledge, to know how to build chambers and manholes with concrete covers will help much in this field.
{j) The plumber or would be plumber must own some useful tools to be able to practice or perform some new plumbing works or repairs.
Below are list of necessary tools the plumber should get:
1. Measuring tape
2. Hacksaw
3. Hammer
4. Screw driver (both Flat and star types)
5. Spirit Level
6. Pipe wrenches
7. Steel chisel
8. Foot print or pipe wrench
9. Plumbing Vice
10. Dicing machine
11. Pliers
12. Hand gloves
13. Raw plug
14. K. Rods
15. Matches or Lighter.
Identifying fittings, pipes, sizes and shapes, colors will enable the trainee to do better.
By C. Marizu.
THE IMPORTANCE OF PLUMBING
In celebration of World Plumbing Day, March 11, Plumbing Manufacturers International, members of which produce about 90% of the nation’s plumbing products, developed these 10 reasons why plumbing matters. Why does plumbing matter to you? Post your comments at www.safeplumbing.org/whyplumbingmatters.
1. Plumbing harnesses a precious resource — water — to use safely for health, hygiene and well-being. Plumbing makes possible the miracle of clean, convenient water — something often taken for granted.
2. Plumbing manufacturing innovations to gain water efficiency have dramatically reduced the amount of water used through toilets, showerheads, faucets and other plumbing products. For example, WaterSense-certified plumbing products meeting Environmental Protection Agency criteria have saved consumers 757 billion gal. of water and $14.2 billion in water and energy bills since 2006, according to the EPA.
3. To assure customer satisfaction, WaterSense products are certified to perform as well or better than standard models — all while saving at least 20% more water.
4. The increased use of water-efficient plumbing is an important, yet often overlooked, part of the water sustainability solution. The EPA estimates that the United States could save 3 trillion gal. of water and more than $17 billion dollars annually if every U.S. household converted to WaterSense-certified products. High-efficiency plumbing in commercial facilities can help save even more.
5. Modern plumbing products help regions affected by droughts and water shortages to use water more efficiently. For example, Denver reduced water use to a 40-year low in December 2014, according to the Denver Post. Contributing to the decrease was replacing 3,200 3.5 gal. per flush toilets in the Denver Public Schools with 1.25 gpf toilets. Denver has plans to replace 6,800 more by 2018.
6. Water efficiency contributes greatly to energy savings. Less water used means less water heated and less water transported. Installing WaterSense-labeled faucet aerators in bathrooms, for example, helps save water and energy.
7. Plumbing brings comfort and beauty into homes and lives. Kitchens and bathrooms not only serve functional purposes, they provide the refuge of comforting meals, soothing baths and restorative relaxation.
8. The plumbing industry is a strong economic engine, providing jobs and livelihoods to millions of people around the world.
9. The ability of plumbing and sanitation systems to deliver clean water and remove waste has protected populations from communicable disease throughout history. There is acknowledgement from many within the public health community that clean, drinkable water has likely protected more lives and extended life expectancy more than any medical advancement. Plumbing advancements continue to protect lives in developing nations.
10. A future of water sustainability is an achievable prospect, as plumbing manufacturers work with allies in safe plumbing and water efficiency to find solutions.
Plumbing solutions for a water crisis
Plumbing solutions for a water crisis
Print EmailDetails Category: Mike's Message Published on 01 March 2016 Hits: 423
By: Mike Muller
Are all these stop-gap solutions to South Africa’s current state of water insecurity a help or a hindrance?
Heat waves and drought have certainly helped to keep water in the news. It reminds me of a thriving business I saw in Luanda, Angola a few years ago, where faced with similar problems, people were buying plastic bottles of water, which kids were filling from a leaking valve box in the street.
FOR THOSE OF US IN THE WATER GAME, DROUGHT AND WATER SHORTAGES ARE ALWAYS GOOD FOR BUSINESS.
For those of us in the water game, drought and water shortages are always good for business. Whether you are selling water in plastic bottles or selling plastic bottles and tanks to put it in, stock has been flying off the shelves. The market for comments and advice is also booming with requests for information and comment from journalists and for endorsements for clever new products and services.
As always, many business people are taking advantage of the crisis to tell everyone about their solutions, which are sometimes a little unnerving if not simply absurd.
Leading the field on the absurd side must surely be the machine that makes water from the air. It is simply a cooler designed to condense and collect moisture in the atmosphere. It works just like the average air conditioner. As you know, if you are really short of water in a hot, rich country, you just need to put bottles out to catch the inevitable irritating drips that fall from the machines above. But it is not a serious source of water, even if you have free electricity.
Although motivated by the best of intentions, almost as absurd an effort was ‘Operation Hydrate’. The idea that you can meet the water needs of whole communities by collecting bottles of water at a central point and trucking them hundreds of kilometres to their destination shows an ignorance of both water and economics.
There are very few places in the country where you cannot find a supply of water close by, enough at least to fill a couple of tanker loads. In most small communities, the first thing to do when there is a water shortage is to fix the local boreholes – and then to persuade people not to over-pump them.
Dangers of Putting Off Plumbing Repairs
Put an End to Wasted Water Today
Plumbing leaks are a major source of waste in nation or community. In total, about a trillion gallons are lost every year, an astounding amount especially given the droughts that have stricken large swaths of some countries over the past few years. We need to save every drop of water we can, and you can help with a few simple steps around the home.
The Plumbing Experts suggest a three-prong strategy to help homeowners reduce their water consumption: Check, twist and replace.
Check: The Water Sense program has several clever tactics you can use to discover unknown plumbing leaks in and around your home. The first is to keep an eye on your water meter. Jot down the reading, then wait several hours without turning on any faucets or using water-based appliances in your home. If the meter nevertheless indicates that water has been consumed, you may have a leak somewhere.
Another good trick is to put food coloring in your toilet tank. If the color ends up in the bowl, it means the toilet is running, even if it's too slow to detect with the naked eye.
Twist: The easiest way to stop small leaks in your fixtures is to make sure all the connections and valves are twisted on tightly. Don't neglect to check your hose connections, since irrigation systems can be a major source of leaks. You can also reduce the volume of flow through your faucets by twisting water-saving aerators onto them.
Replace: When twisting doesn't get the job done, it's time to replace old valves and fixtures. Look for the Water Sense label when you buy your new parts so you can consume less water while putting a stop to the leak.
Community Events to Encourage Conservation
Also keep an eye out for Water Sense events in your country or community for prudent plumbing and offer discounts to consumers who seek out plumber services or water-saving fixtures.
If you need any help finding or repairing hidden plumbing leaks in your home, get in touch with a plumbing expert right away.
AFRICAN WATER NEWS FROM KENYA.
Kenya Industrial Water Alliance brings partners together to create a water-smart future.
KIWA_kenya-launch-banner
Nairobi, Kenya. 29 September 2016—The Kenya Industrial Water Alliance, or KIWA, launched today following a commitment from twenty-three private-public-civil society partners to collectively address water-related risks to industrial growth, initially in the Nairobi Sub-catchment. The partnership provides a platform to discuss and implement activities aimed at increasing sustainable access to water with a focus on ground water management, industrial water use efficiency and improved surface water quality management.
A key sector in the Kenyan economy, industry contributes 21 percent of national gross domestic product. The country’s strategic development plan, Vision 2030, aims to develop the sector further by creating a robust, diversified, and competitive manufacturing sector expected to contribute an additional 10 percent to GDP. As industry expands to accommodate the growing economy, so too will demand on the country’s water resources.
If Kenya maintains a “business-as-usual” approach to managing its water resources, by the year 2030, there will be a 30 percent gap between water demand and practically available supply. Water supply in Nairobi today is estimated to be 20 percent below total demand. If current trends continue, this deficit is expected to be more than 60 percent by 2035. Although decreasing ground water levels, flooding, catchment area degradation, and uncontrolled waste disposal further risk jeopardizing the sustainability of the city’s expansion, initiatives like this provide hope for urban communities who in the past have suffered due to pollution associated with industrial expansion.
KIWA Launch Nairobi Sep 16
While helping launch the new partnership, Cabinet Secretary, Kenya Ministry of Water and Irrigation, Eugene Wamalwa stated, “Private companies in Kenya are increasingly recognizing that availability and quality of water poses a substantial risk to current and future operations and are seeking ways to mitigate that risk. We are therefore working with the private sector and civil society to collaboratively develop action oriented solutions to address industrial water management.”
Treatment and reuse of waste water from industry further provides an opportunity to reduce the amount of water abstracted, as well as replenish both ground and surface water resources. This will require not only investment, but involvement of both private sector and civil society to support the government’s management at national and county levels.
KIWA Chair and CEO of Kenya Association of Manufacturers, Phyllis Wakiaga, added, “Just as local industry has mainstreamed energy efficiency into its operations, it must similarly improve industrial water productivity by adopting more efficient water practices and technologies. Solutions to Nairobi’s unique water-related challenges can only be found through strong involvement among public, private and civil society players. This alliance creates an opportunity to properly engage in a way that did not exist before.”
kiwa-launch_industrial-water-use-efficiency
With 98 percent of available freshwater stored in underground aquifers, Nairobi’s water management success will be largely based on preserving such resources. A recent assessment of boreholes in the Nairobi Metropolitan area revealed a doubling of “known” boreholes between 1995 and 2011. Of over 3,500 boreholes located in Nairobi County less than half have abstraction permits, two thirds are unmetered, and four in five users do not pay for water.
Representative for the CEO of the Water Resource Management Authority, Engineer Boniface Mwaniki, stated, “Knowledge of the status of our aquifers and improved regulation and monitoring of ground water abstraction are essential to effective and sustainable management of the city’s available water resources.”
Jointly established by the International Water Stewardship Programme and the 2030 Water Resources Group, current KIWA partners include: Act!, Athi Water Services Board, Bidco Africa, Brookside Dairy Ltd, Coca-Cola, County Government of Kiambu, DOW Chemicals & Process EA, Grundfos, International Water Stewardship Programme, Kenya Association of Manufacturers, Kenya National Cleaner Production Centre, Kenya Private Sector Alliance, Kenya Water and Sanitation Civil Society Network, Nairobi County Government, Nairobi City Water and Sewerage Company, National Environmental Management Authority, Nestle, Republic of Kenya Ministry of Water and Irrigation, Spinners & Spinners, 2030 Water Resources Group, Water Resource Management Authority, Wetlands International, and Wrigley EA. Partnership discussions with additional partners are currently underway.
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About the International Water Stewardship Programme
IWaSP is an international water security programme. It combines global best practices in water stewardship with local know-how. Currently active in seven countries, the programme facilitates partnerships between the public sector, the private sector and civil society to address shared water risks. The Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH manages IWaSP on behalf of the German Federal Ministry for Econo-mic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and the UK Department for International Development (DfID). For more information visit www.iwasp.org and www.giz.de/en/ or follow us on Twitter via @_IWaSP.
About the Kenya 2030 Water Resources Group
The 2030 WRG is a global public-private-civil society partnership which facilitates open dialogue to drive actions necessary to close the gap between water demand and supply by the year 2030. Kenya’s 2030 WRG partnership aims to improve the use of water across all key economic sectors to close the gap by: improving agricultural water productivity; strengthening urban and industrial water efficiency and reuse; and creating new financing mechanisms for both water supply expansion and improved demand management. For more information, please visit www.2030wrg.org.
Green Plumbing & Water Conservation Tips
Water conservation is extremely important. Learn some ways you can do your part with the following conservation and green plumbing tips:
Water Conservation Tips: Don't use excessive amounts of detergents, bleach or chemicals that may kill the natural bacteria in your septic system.
Use biodegradable soaps and detergents.
To prevent excessive watering of your lawn in the summertime, purchase an inexpensive spring-loaded timer that attaches directly to your outside faucet. This will prevent overwatering in case you forget to shut off the sprinkler.
Water pressure in your home above 60 pounds per square inch is harmful to your plumbing system and will cause excessive water usage. Contact your local water authority to find out what the water pressure is on your street. If it exceeds 60 pounds, consider installing a pressure-reducing valve that will limit the water pressure within your home.
Check your water meter during a period of time when no water is being used. Make a note of the meter reading and check it 8 to 10 hours later. If the meter has moved, there is an indication that you may have an undetected water leak, which should be corrected.
Leaky toilets consume more than 40% of your total water usage. Installation of a new toilet flapper and fill valve will keep your toilet running efficiently.
Reduce your home energy by checking the temperature setting on your water heater. It should not be above 120°F or medium setting on older models.
Replacing an old shower head can save up to 7.5 gallons of water per minute without sacrificing full spray action at low or high water pressures.
A leaky faucet that drips once per second can waste more than 8 gallons a day. That's 3,000 gallons per year!
If you're looking for more ways to conserve water, our Marixto plumbing program can help. Our technicians can advise you on saving water in your home by implementing low-flow toilets, faucets, shower heads and more. Call +2348023425934 or book online for an appointment.
courtesy ROTOGreen plumbing.
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